Friday, June 28, 2013

Pacifica shark attack: why we don't need to be afraid

Pacifica shark attack: Shark attacks are on the rise, but odds of becoming a shark attack victim are still very close to nil.

By Elizabeth Barber,?Contributor / June 27, 2013

A great white shark near Mexico drags buoys after taking bait.

Chris Ross/Chris Fischer/National Geographic Channel

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A shark attacked a kayaker near Pacifica State Beach in Pacifica, California on Tuesday, the latest victim in a rising tally of shark attacks that likely has less to do with burgeoning shark aggression and more to do with more aggressive media coverage of shark incidents.

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The victim, Micah Flansburg, was fishing some 100 yards off from the beach at 3:30 p.m. when a Great White shark rose up under the boat and then took it in its teeth. The man was frightened, but unharmed.

"It was intense. It was just like the Discovery Channel where you see the eyes roll to the back of the head and the pink gums and his teeth bared," Flansburg told ABC.

Shark attack news reached a decade high in 2012, with about 80 unprovoked shark attack reports?worldwide, seven of which were fatal. Some eight of those attacks were off the US Pacific coast and another 26 were in Florida, the state that accounts for about half of all shark attacks in the United States, mostly because that state?s appealing beaches are so heavily trafficked. North America as a whole also accounts for about half of all shark attacks worldwide, but researchers are unsure what combination of meteorological, oceanographic, economic, and social factors are to blame for that trend.

Attacks that are considered provoked, such as when a shark attacks someone trying to pet or fish it, are not included in those tallies. Attacks on already drowned humans are also not included.

On the whole, shark attacks have been on upswing over the last century, but scientists have said that those worrying numbers are largely due to increased efforts to document those incidents. Rates have also climbed as people spend more recreational time in the water, especially so in remote areas where sharks once reigned supreme. Other factors in shark attacks, such as climate change, have not yet been adequately studied to be linked to climbing reports of attack rates.

Some 60 percent of all shark attacks are on surfers, since that category of water users are more likely to be in the surf zone, where sharks sometimes lurk. Surfers are also more likely than swimmers to be kicking up water and alerting sharks to their presence.

In the event of a shark attack, scientists at The Florida Museum of Natural History recommend an aggressive response, like hitting its snout or clawing at its eyes or gills.

But that?s a tip we?re unlikely to ever need to use. The odds of becoming a shark attack victim, based on beach attendance rates in the US, is about one in 11.5 million. The odds of dying in an attack are about 0 in 264.1 million ? or, about nil.?

For perspective:

Odds of getting crush crushed by a vending machine are about 1 in 112 million.

Odds of becoming president are 1 in 10 million.

Odds of dating a supermodel are 1 in 88,000.

Odds of finding a pearl in an oyster are 1 in 12,000.

Odds are, these things are more likely to happen to you than a shark attack.

Odds are, none of these things will happen to you.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/science/~3/BJ7xfWMb5N8/Pacifica-shark-attack-why-we-don-t-need-to-be-afraid

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The US Army Is Blocking Staff Access to the Guardian Website

The US Army Is Blocking Staff Access to the Guardian Website

After getting upset about the fact that Guardian has been breaking news and leaking classified documents about the many and varied spying programs of the NSA, the US Army has decided to block access to the news site among its employees.

An Army spokesperson told the Monterey Herald "some access to press coverage and online content about the NSA leaks" was being filtered as part of routine "network hygiene". He continued, pointing out that there are "strict policies and directives in place regarding protecting and handling classified information", suggesting the block was in place to limit unauthorized disclosures of classified material.

If the block sounds familiar, that's because it is: in 2010, the Army blocked the New York Times and Guardian during the US diplomatic cables leak by Assange et al. The reasoning? Well, at the time the White House insisted that "classified information, whether or not already posted on public websites or disclosed to the media, remains classified, and must be treated as such by federal employees and contractors."

That seems slightly farcical when you consider that the classified documents released by the Guardian are now freely available online. But rules are rules, and it seems the Army is doing the only thing it can to stop its staff coming across the documents. There are no plans to block website from the general public. [Monterey Herald via Verge]

Source: http://gizmodo.com/the-us-army-is-blocking-staff-access-to-the-guardian-we-606626466

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Could You Be a Tornado Chaser?

You don't need a meteorology degree to chase tornadoes, but if everything you know about storm chasing comes from reality TV and movies such as Twister, you have the wrong idea. Here are three ways to encounter severe weather on safe terms?and do some good along the way.

Ride Along With the Pros


Companies such as Silver Lining Tours, Tempest Tours, and F5 Tours take groups of tourists on six-to-10-day storm-chasing trips around Tornado Alley. For a few thousand dollars each, groups of 10 to 20 tourists accompanied by professional guides pile into chase vans and cover thousands of miles, from Texas to North Dakota and as far west as Colorado.

"You get to see a lot of the Great Plains," says Martin Lisius of Tempest Tours. "Every few storms, we see a tornado. Sometimes we see a brief tornado; maybe it's a slender black cone tornado on the ground for a minute or so. Sometimes it's a large wedge tornado that might be a mile wide; it might be a violent class tornado like the F4 or F5, tracking across the open plains."

Sometimes these tours get lucky, and conditions line up just right. Rich Hamel of Silver Lining Tours tells PM that in late May, "We were in Bennington, Kansas, watching a big tornado there that barely moved. It was on the ground for an hour, so everybody was pretty excited about that, and luckily it just sort of sat in place, not over a really densely populated area, so nobody [got] hurt as far as I've heard, and there wasn't a whole lot of damage... We could watch it and didn't have to worry about anybody getting hurt."

Although chasers want to see severe weather, "we certainly don't want to see property destroyed and lives affected," Hamel says. "If we do happen to see something that has been destroyed, we don't jump out and take pictures or anything like that. You've got to try to be respectful of the people that live here."

Become a Storm Spotter


Radar can give meteorologists a good idea how a storm is developing, but experienced spotters say it is no substitute for knowledgeable "eyes on the ground" who can confirm what is happening.

If you want to help track severe weather, including tornadoes, consider the National Weather Service's storm-spotter program, Skywarn. The program offers free 2-hour classes in safety, reporting procedures, and basic meteorology. Anyone can attend a local class and become a spotter.

Storm spotting involves monitoring and reporting severe weather at your location rather than actively chasing storms. Volunteering with Skywarn is a great way to learn about severe weather without putting thousands of miles on your odometer, and it can also be a good way to gain experience. "You're much safer at your home where you can seek shelter if needed while you're learning what you're looking at," storm chaser Andrew Revering says.

Tornadoes, hail, lightning, and flash floods can be deadly, especially for those not trained to operate safely. "You've got to get the basics down before you go out there," Hamel says.

Find a Mentor


If you have logged a year or two of storm spotting and think you might be ready to hit the road, remember that you still have a lot to learn. Even experienced chasers find themselves in lethal circumstances, as the late-May deaths of three chasers in Oklahoma reminded everyone. Those lifers warn aspiring novices against taking off on their own to chase storms. Instead, they say, look for an experienced storm chaser who might be willing to show you the ropes.

"Introducing yourself and learning from your peers is essential," Revering says. "Perhaps learn from several people and absorb as much of it as you can."

Skywarn can be a great way to make contacts while you learn, and forums such as Stormtrack are another good place to connect with experienced chasers. You can improve your chances of finding a mentor by taking the activity seriously, focusing on safety, and making sure your main interest is weather, not adrenaline.

"We're about education. We're about contribution to the community. We're not about adrenaline," Lisius tells PM. "We're responsible, safe, serious storm chasers that are out there to forecast and intercept really great storms, take pretty pictures of them, and share what we see and learn with other people."

Revering says: "A storm chaser is someone who travels from Canada to Mexico for weeks at a time, has extensive experience and knowledge about storms and meteorology, onboard technology, and experience reading a storm. A yahoo, perhaps, is someone who has an interest in storm chasing, but is not ready for the real thing."

Source: http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/environment/natural-disasters/could-you-be-a-tornado-chaser-15634845?src=rss

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